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    17Feb, 2023
    How to maintain effective cyber security by using the latest technologies in 2023

    The rapid evolution and pervasiveness of technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), quantum computing, 5G, and the Internet of Things (IoT) are opening up a wealth of growth opportunities for businesses across a wide range of industries. However, these advancements also broaden the attack surface, providing a variety of cybersecurity risks and giving hackers new ways to corrupt, abuse, and damage critical IT assets. According to the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team, 3.63 million cybersecurity incidents in India were reported between January 2019 and June 2022.

    The need for Cybersecurity

    The scope of deploying efficient cyber posture in an organisation includes defending endpoints and protecting information from cyber-attacks and threats. In the digitalised world, numerous cyber threats exist, and as a result, it can be challenging to keep up with cybersecurity strategy and operations. Protecting from unauthorised access, disruption or damage to the targeted computer systems, stealing or destroying data is a crucial function of cyber security. Cybersecurity and Data security are extremely important today because they protect your personal and business information. Unaware of hazards, few unintentionally give their information, which leaves them open to cyberattacks. 

    Even after adhering to security policies, procedures, and access privileges and complying with cyber laws, organisations still experience insider threats, Data theft, and social engineering attacks. As technology advances, more data is stored, shared, and accessed online; the number of threats also increases. 

    The ethics of cyber security pertain to the moral principles and values that guide decision-making and actions related to protecting information and assets in the digital realm and ensuring society’s overall safety and well-being.

    Types of Cyber-threats

    Keeping up with emerging technology, it’s important to note that the threat landscape is constantly evolving, and new types of cyber threats are constantly emerging. It’s essential to stay informed and implement security measures that can protect against a wide range of threats.

    Mentioned below are some common cyber threats which usually affect cyber security:

    • Ransomware is a sort of malware that encrypts a victim’s files and demands a ransom payment to restore access.
    • Malware includes programmes like Trojan horses, worms, computer viruses, and spyware that are used to harm internet users by stealing their data.
    • An attack known as social engineering uses human contact to persuade users to circumvent security precautions in order to obtain sensitive information that is ordinarily protected.
    • Phishing is a type of fraud in which fraudulent emails that appear to be from reliable sources are sent; nonetheless, the purpose of these emails is to obtain sensitive information, such as login or credit card information. 
    • Insider Threats: An insider threat is a malicious threat to an organisation that comes from people within the organisation, such as employees, contractors, or business partners.

    How to maintain effective cyber security

    In the past, businesses and governments have responded to cyber threats reactively. While reactive strategies focus on containing and mitigating the impact of a security incident rather than preventing it from happening, reactive strategies can be an important part of an overall cybersecurity strategy but are not sufficient on their own. This strategy is costly and complicated. Frequent computer breaches continue to dominate headlines damaging brand reputation and customer trust. 

    On the other hand, proactive strategies, like Threat Intelligence, focus on identifying and mitigating potential threats before they can cause any harm to endpoints. By implementing the combination of proactive and reactive strategies, organisations can protect and respond effectively when a security incident occurs.

    Overall, effective cybersecurity requires a combination of technology, processes, and people working together to protect against cyber threats.

    Initiatives by the government to have secure cyberspace

    The current growth in digitalisation has led to an increase in cybersecurity challenges, particularly failures in hardware, software, or human processes. This can result in data breaches, cyberattacks, identity theft, and ransomware. Such failures can have severe consequences for organisations and individuals, including financial losses, reputational damage, and disruption to operations. India has a robust cybersecurity ecosystem, which is growing, under a strong framework set up by the GoI, with private actors providing a variety of cybersecurity services and products. The Government of India has taken extensive measures in Data Protection and Data Privacy and assigned many organisations with duties to guarantee national security and address other privacy issues in Cybersecurity.

    The Information Technology (IT) Act, of 2000, as well as other technical, institutional, and regulatory measures, have been implemented by the Government of India (GoI) to address cybersecurity-related challenges. The Cyber Forensics Lab at CERT-In has been authorised to execute the authority provided by Section 79A of the Information Technology Act, 2000. The lab is outfitted with the necessary equipment to analyse digital evidence gleaned from mobile devices and data storage. Also, MHA developed the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) to address all forms of cybercrime in the nation in a coordinated and thorough manner.

    To conclude

    Cybercrimes cost nations and businesses billions of dollars each year as their attack frequency rises. Cybersecurity defense measures should be enhanced to keep pace with the expanding data landscape. Cyber defense, is the practice of protecting all the connected endpoints and evaluating data flow in real-time and preventing unauthorised access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of information. 

    There is a shortage of professionals with cybersecurity skillsets; it has been estimated that the global cybersecurity workforce gap will reach 3.5 million jobs. The lack of qualified professionals can make it difficult for organisations to protect themselves against digital attacks and can also make it harder for governments to protect their citizens and critical infrastructure from cyber threats. 

    Many initiatives have been launched to address this issue, such as Cybersecurity education, training for the current workforce, upskilling and reskilling of professionals and encouraging more women to enter the security domain. As Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial intelligence (AI) have become more prevalent, these are increasingly used in cybersecurity to improve the ability and precisely detect and respond to cyber threats – Anomaly detection and Threat intelligence.

    However, it’s important to note that ML and AI are not a silver bullet for cybersecurity, and they need to be used in conjunction with other security measures – Firewalls, IPS, IDS and regular security audits.

    In order to execute policies that benefit the citizens, it’s important to note that cybersecurity awareness among the public is crucial, to make them aware of the dangers and how to be vigilant at all times. Finding the solutions will not be difficult if people realise the importance of a secure digital environment and safe internet practices for individuals.

    In addition, regardless of the attacker’s technology; a strategic approach to understanding attackers, their patterns and behaviours can enable building a Robust cyber defense.

    Resource : https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/voices/how-to-maintain-effective-cyber-security-by-using-the-latest-technologies-in-2023/

    16Feb, 2023
    Why E-Learning: Insights into Online Learning and Development for 2023

    The world today is rapidly progressing on the road to utilization, with the ever increasing number of technical applications that are used to communicate and pass on knowledge. In a traditional classroom, knowledge acquisition is limited to the information the instructor has and that which they can access. However, connecting students to the outside world enhances their ability to construct new knowledge.

    E-learning is an umbrella term that is used to describe a wide variety of electronic ways that enable access to education, and the process in itself. These include: virtual classrooms, web-based learning, computer-based learning, digital collaboration, video and audio recordings, interactive TV and many more. Thus, e-learning is suited to flexible learning methods and distance learning. E-learning can however be coupled with face to face instruction, which is called blended learning.

    History of E-learning 

    E-learning has come a long way since its introduction in the 1990s.The history of the concept can be traced back to the days of distant learning on radio programs in the 1920s. PLATO, the first computer-based education tool, introduced by Professor Don Bitzer in 1960, became an important milestone in the world of e-learning. Its fundamental purpose was to amplify and enhance student literacy. 

    Features of E-Learning 

    1. Association of Diverse Learning Tools 

    Mixed learning tools enable the students to widen their horizons. E-learning platforms typically use combined online assets to their advantage. It comprises a number of instruments that are made accessible to the students and teachers. 

    2. Online Course Listings

    A Learning Management System (LMS) constitutes proper schedules and lists of the courses that they have to offer. The users can easily jump to the course, get a glimpse and enlist just by scrolling through the lists or catalogs. 

    3. User Friendly Interface 

    To kill the monotony of the usual learning, e-learning apps and website have the opportunity to make learning more inclusive and interactive through appealing design, bold aesthetics and engaging interfaces. 

    Evolution of E-Learning

    The last decade transformed e-learning radically. In the early days, courses offered for e-learning were typically custom created, by groups of programmers who were aided by software creating tools. Advancement in technology led to the creation of worldwide web, making the creation of e-learning courses a simpler task, that anyone without programming knowledge could complete.

    Changes in technology brought new hardware like portable computers, which made it very easy for learners to access course material online. Today, many people are using tablets and smart-phones for online classes and web seminars or webinars.

    Types of E-Learning

    E-Learning can be classified by the ways in which it is shared from the instructor, to the student. An informal distribution form of e-learning is one in which the students are trusted to view the available course material, and are not tracked or tested, for completion.

    In the formal distribution form of e-learning, instructors usually keep track and make recordings of learner progress and results. Most educational institutions that offer certifications for students have specific systems and standards for gauging the scores for students.

    Learning Management Systems or LMS is used for tracking scores and to ensure that the students’ standards for each course are maintained. They are platforms that enable users to create good online courses; and also the students to be able to access these courses. These platforms are of different types and they have different capabilities. Some are free while others are offered at a fee.

    Elements of E-Learning

    When creating an online course, there are a number of criterion to be met. Setting a list of criterion ensures that students benefit fully from the course they signed up for.
    Some common elements of e-Learning are as follows:

    1. The role played by the teacher/instructor is vital. He/she is necessary to offer necessary feedback to students. He/she is also sometimes responsible for keeping students’ progress or scores.
    2. A well-organized Learning Management System is necessary. It should be easily navigable by both the student and the instructor.
    3. The learning material is the key feature in e-learning. Usually, course material is formatted in a way that is simple and easily accessible for students.
    4. Communication is important for learning. To be able to access online coursework from the instructor, students have to use one or more of the many modes of communication or delivery methods.

    There is a myriad of devices today that allow teachers and learners to share knowledge. The trainer connects to viewers or listeners interactively, using multimedia, voice communications, videos (live or prerecorded), presentations, product demonstrations and text chats, mostly over the internet.

    Importance of E-Learning 

    E-learning was introduced to promote student literacy. With the development of technology and advent of a variety of websites and apps that support e-learning, the users have been empowered to get basic education and skills. 

    E-learning has aggregated all the  tutors, experts, learners and practitioners into a single place. The audio visual technologies have deducted the monotonous methods of teaching. 

    How Does Online Learning Work? 

    Online learning can be practiced through various platforms such as Skillshare and Google Classroom. A compact course catalog is available for the users to choose whatever course they would prefer. A pre-determined learning module is laid out by the tutors for each course. The user simply has to sign up and complete the course. 

    Advantages of E-Learning

    E-learning platforms possess tech-savvy and smart tools for the users to gain access to top notch content and knowledge. 

    1. Multimedia Tools

    From graphics to engrossing video clips, the e-learning process makes studying compelling. Instead of going through mundane lessons, the e-learning platforms have high-tech multimedia tools to engage with the users. 

    2. Sensory Engagement 

    E-learning tools and features increase the sensory engagement of the users. The learning methods require the learners to actively use their ears, eyes and hands while taking a lesson. This engagement makes the user involved in the particular assignment. 

    3. More Customization

    Each individual has a different set of skills. The pace and the power of retention is contrasting in every user. E-learning platforms acknowledge this fact and thus offer an individual experience for every user. 

    4. Course Correction 

    The e-learning platforms provide immediate feedback to the students. The users are corrected at once and are directed towards the right answer. The first hand feedback clears the queries of the users. 

    5. Speed 

    Instead of wasting time,the e-learning users can speed up the learning process.If the users already have the required knowledge of the subject, they can test their knowledge through mock tests and thus save time and resources. 

    6. Learner Satisfaction 

    Result boards, certificates and metrics provided by e-learning to its users boosts up the confidence of the users. It satisfies the users as they get to see the fruit of their labor. 

    7. Data and Analytics 

    With the help of data and analytics, the user responses can be checked. The Learning Management system can learn from the responses of the users and carry out the necessary changes.

    8. Standardization 

    The e-learning system makes its content and material user friendly to engage the user. Shaping learning methods as per the user’s need makes it easier for the user to absorb and retain better. 

    9. Frequent Assignments 

    There are plenty of mock tests, quizzes and assignments on each e-learning platform for the users to put their knowledge to test. These assignments not only help the user to use their knowledge but it also boosts their confidence. 

    10. Eco friendly and Maintainable 

    E-learning tools do not waste resources and instead are good for the environment. These tools use less energy and carry out better results. 

    11. Scalability 

    The e-learning system reflects the ability to allow a number of users to connect from all over the globe. It manages and organizes the users into various branches without delays. 

    Disadvantages of E-Learning 

    While there is always another side to the coin, e-learning too has some disadvantages to itself. 

    1. Social Isolation 

    The users of the e-learning platforms often learn to shy away from the real world. Sitting in their personal space, the users resist going out in outer spaces. They isolate themselves from society and thus find themselves alone.

    2. Lack of Technological Literacy 

    Not everyone has access to technology and resources. For those who have access may not know how to operate. A large section of the society is still unable to afford or gain access to the resources and devices required for the e-learning process.

    3. Lack of Time Management Skills 

    The users of the e-learning platforms are often observed to procrastinate. The users toss aside their lessons for the next day because they have the alternative to access the learning material at any time they prefer. The users hence develop poor time management skills. 

    In a fast-pacing, technology-oriented world of today, people are adopting technology and finding new ways to integrate it in support of education. E-learning is leading the way, redefining ways in which knowledge is acquired.

    Resource : https://www.simplilearn.com/why-e-learning-article

    16Feb, 2023
    Top 10 Careers in Science

    For most people, a job in science is profitable, fulfilling, innovative, and demanding. It allows you to expand and increase your information while also assisting you in comprehending your surroundings and the people around you. Knowing about various science occupations might help you make the best career decision. This article will look at several science occupations, critical tasks, and average salaries to help you choose the correct path and careers in science.

    Top Science Careers to Look For in 2022

    Science is a multi-disciplined field with a significant potential for progress. It offers a dynamic work atmosphere and an extensive learning and exploration area.  Let’s explore various careers in science now.

    Physicist

    Physics researchers look into the qualities of matter, energy, and time. A few physicists usually conduct further theoretical research to find out more about how the universe actually works. In contrast, others run applied research to apply theoretical knowledge to actual processes or devices to improve the technology we use. 

    Physics helps in answering vital issues like how the universe came into existence and what are the natural principles that govern the interactions between energy and matter.  Physics research may be utilized to develop new communication systems, alternative energy sources, and more sophisticated medical technologies.

    Chemist

    A chemist can also be regarded as a scientist who studies the characteristics and reactions of chemicals. They examine a variety of chemical substances, both organic and inorganic. They experiment with chemical substances to better understand their behavior, produce new compounds, or improve current ones. Their key responsibilities include doing quality control checks on chemical experiments and providing reports on the test and analysis findings and conclusions.

    Astronomer

    Astronomers investigate space structures such as stars, planets, galaxies, and black holes. They study these items’ features, movements, and compositions, recording and analyzing data meticulously. This is another science that requires the ability to do complex mathematical calculations. Astronomers employ telescopes and other ground-based equipment and equipment that has already been launched into space, such as the Hubble Space Telescope, to conduct their research.

    Spacetech

    While doctors, engineers, biologists, and pharmacists are unquestionable employment alternatives for scientific students, young individuals’ interest in space sciences is slowly growing. Nonetheless, as technology becomes more integrated into practically every field of study, space technology is gaining traction.

    To work in the space technology industry, you’ll need a bachelor’s degree in space sciences and mechanical engineering. However, for those interested in unraveling the secrets of space. Also, this is quite an exciting career option for people who are interested in space.

    The ones who work in space technology and science can earn a few thousand to a few lakhs per month. The scope of this discipline is still expanding, creating limitless chances for advancement.

    Geology

    Geology is for you interested in rocks, Earth, soil, and land. Geologists are scientists who specialize in Earth and soil science. These experts examine a region and foresee probable threats such as earthquakes and volcanoes. Based on this research, they produce designs for builders and construction businesses to build structures.

    Geology is a vital yet underappreciated and unusual science. A four-year bachelor’s degree in geology can be combined with a master’s or PhD for further specialization to become a geologist. The income is not as high as the professions indicated above because it is a relatively underestimated and unorthodox topic of study. However, because this is a passion-driven job, earnings increase as expenses increase. Starting salaries might range from INR 3.5 lakh to INR 5 lakh per year.

    Geoscientists

    Do you prefer to study something closer to home? Geoscientists examine the structure, composition, processes, and physical qualities of the Earth. By understanding more about the Earth, these scientists can better appreciate its history and predict future changes. Geology, geochemistry, geophysics, petroleum geology, seismology, oceanography, paleontology, and engineering geology are all disciplines within the geosciences subject. Which geosciences profession is best for you? It depends upon what you want to learn and how you want to apply your knowledge. 

    Geoscientists investigate everything from rock formation to earthquakes, and their job can range from theoretical studies to utilizing their knowledge to find petroleum deposits for drilling. Diverse types of geoscientists may pursue quite different objectives. Some people work to protect the environment or restore it, while others look for petroleum or other natural resources.

    Data Analyst

    A data analyst collects and organizes disparate data to produce a valid result. They create databases and data collection systems and deploy them. Their primary responsibility is to find, analyze, and interpret data trends and patterns from a large quantity of data. They collect insightful data and establish company plans using statistical techniques and various data analysis technologies. 

    A data analyst requires an advanced understanding of several data analysis tools, statistics, math, and communication skills. To become a data analyst, you can study computer modeling, analytics, or related disciplines in your bachelor’s or master’s degree.

    Atmospheric Researchers

    Do you have a wish to become a weather forecaster? Why not look into climate change? Atmospheric scientists are experts who study the atmosphere to understand better and solve problems ranging from severe storms and air pollution to droughts and climate change impacts. Atmospheric scientists collect temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind speed. 

    They use mathematical and computer models to examine the information. Atmospheric scientists utilize their meteorological data to convey present weather conditions and – and perhaps more crucially – to forecast future weather conditions, both in the immediate and long term. 

    Atmospheric scientists issue a public warning if severe weather risks injury or property damage. Weather balloons, satellites, radar systems, and computer software are among the equipment used by atmospheric scientists in their studies.

    Zoology

    Animal anatomy, physiology, development, and categorization are all studied in zoology, a branch of biology that examines animals and animal life. A zoologist is a scientist who specializes in the study of animals.

    Biotechnology

    A Biotechnology course will pique your interest if you are interested in biology and are fascinated by the dynamics of technology. Furthermore, combining Nanotechnology and Biotechnology courses opens up many professional options, particularly in research and academia. To advance in this sector, you can pursue a BSc in Biotechnology or a BTech in Biotechnology.

    Resource : https://www.simplilearn.com/careers-in-science-article

    14Feb, 2023
    Skyview Networks Suffers Security Incident

    An unauthorized person or group gained access to internal systems used by Skyview Networks this week, disrupting the delivery of the CBS World News Roundup and other programming to radio affiliates on Monday.

    The issue was confirmed in an email sent to Radio Ink by Steve Jones, the president and CEO of Skyview, who said the company “experienced unauthorized access to its IT environment, resulting in interrupted technical services.”

    “Skyview activated its comprehensive incident response plan,” Jones affirmed. “We have initiated advanced monitoring and threat detection across our systems and data. We have also involved industry-leading forensic experts to help us contain and investigate the incident. These efforts are fully underway.”

    Jones said specific information about the cyberattack could not be disclosed at this time, because the investigation and response are still ongoing. “Our highest priority is the security and protection of all data, and we are cooperating with authorities on this matter,” he affirmed.

    Stations were notified about the issue Monday morning when CBS News Radio sent a bulletin urging them to replace the slot where CBS World News Round would normally air with local programming, according to a copy of the message obtained by Radio Ink. Some stations were eventually able to obtain CBS News Radio spots, including the hourly bulletins, through other means while Skyview worked on the issue.

    The problem lasted well into the evening, with stations unable to get access to some of Skyview’s other programming, including XYZ with Erik Zachary. Web portals used by stations to access spots and programming were down throughout the day, and equipment used by radio affiliates to obtain Skyview content experienced severe problems when reset, according to numerous station officials.

    In a memo sent to affiliates on Tuesday and obtained by Radio Ink, Skyview warned stations not to reboot their XDS receivers while the company continues to investigate the issue.

    Jones said Skyview apologized for the disruption caused to client stations, and that the company will “provide our business clients with service updates and request that, as you receive this information, you treat it with sensitivity as we pursue a successful resolution.”

    Resource : https://radioink.com/2023/02/01/skyview-networks-suffers-security-incident/

    14Feb, 2023
    What is ChatGPT? And will it steal our jobs?

    What’s the context?

    ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence text generator, is being hailed as the future of work, but not everyone is convinced

    • ChatGPT is an AI tool that can generate human-like text
    • Technologists see this as a disruptor of many jobs
    • Engineers and artists are pushing back against generative AI

    LONDON – A new artificial intelligence model called ChatGPT is making waves as technologists promote it as a new tool that will revolutionise how people work.

    The tool comes from OpenAI, a for-profit research organisation co-founded by Elon Musk and investor Sam Altman, and backed by billions in funding from Microsoft.

    Some advocates predict ChatGPT will result in automating jobs away from human beings, although critics have argued that AI and robotics do not yet have the capability for that.

    But already, some schools and universities have responded by limiting or banning its use by students.

    Google owner Alphabet Inc announced on Monday it would launch its own chatbot service called Bard and more artificial intelligence for its search engine as well as developers.

    Chinese tech giant Baidu Inc said on Tuesday it would complete internal testing of its own ChatGPT-style project called “Ernie” in March.

    So what is ChatGPT, and is it coming for your job?

    Resource : https://www.context.news/ai/what-is-chatgpt-and-will-it-steal-our-jobs

    7Feb, 2023
    Mobile device security 101

    Personal mobile devices, which are often used for work purposes, are attractive targets for a variety of attacks on corporate infrastructure. Let us look at the features of Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) systems and learn how they can help protect against targeted attacks targeting mobile devices. 

    In terms of technology, modern smartphones and tablets often surpass the capabilities of a typical employee workstation. The number of mobile devices has been rapidly increasing. It surpassed the number of workstations back in 2015. Being both a personal device (with an installed banking app, user correspondence, photo, and video materials) and, at the same time, an access point to corporate resources, a mobile device is a real treasure trove for a wide range of cyber-attacks.

    Actually, all possible vectors of attacks on workstations are only a subset of attacks on mobile devices due to the presence of many sensors (accelerometer, magnetometer GPS, etc.), admin rights, limited capabilities of antivirus software, not perfect backup and disaster recovery procedures, and uncontrolled connections to insecure wireless networks.

    The issue is made worse because a basic attack targeting only a user’s personal area often can also pose threats to corporate resources, since multi-factor authentication, a common protective measure, is ineffective when a mobile device has been hacked. It is worth noting that keyloggers and other types of spyware can cause a range of other security issues that should not be overlooked.

    As smartphones emerged, the need to safeguard mobile devices led to the development of modified Endpoint Protection Platforms. These new EPPs were explicitly designed to work with mobile operating systems.

    The formation and evolution of EDR, XDR, and EPP solutions for mobile device protection

    The creation of security solutions for endpoints and, in particular, mobile platforms is closely related to the understanding of attack vectors targeting both a specific device and the infrastructure of an organization as a whole.

    Initially, mobile security products were similar to those used on desktop computers. These solutions only included a basic antivirus scanner that primarily used signature detection and a simple firewall. They even could not always send reports to a central server. Obviously, this is not enough in current conditions as attackers use various methods such as introducing malware, exfiltrating\altering data, and network compromise to carry out attacks.

    According to OWASP, the top 10 security risks (including those that threaten mobile apps) include attacks that are far beyond the scope of traditional antivirus solutions. For instance, in recent years, issues related to Broken Access Control have become more common. These problems often occur in legitimate third-party apps on the device rather than in traditional forms of malware.

    The mobile device protection industry has grown to include a broader range of capabilities and expanded coverage. Companies that create mobile security solutions now offer control over network connections, protection against fraudulent apps and SMS phishing, and application access control. According to Gartner, there are over ten essential components that a mobile device protection solution must have in order to be considered a market leader and be included in their “magic quadrant.”

    EPP solutions provide excellent protection against new threats based on already-known malware. However, more sophisticated means are required to protect against less massive, targeted, more aggressive, and more sophisticated attacks. An endpoint security system needs to adapt to the contemporary landscape of complex threats. It must be able to detect advanced attacks aimed at endpoints and quickly respond to detected incidents.

    Such solutions form an independent class of applications – Endpoint Detection and Response, EDR. Gartner researchers identify several mandatory properties of these solutions: prevention, detection, response, and prediction.

    Modern EDRs can:

    • Provide real-time monitoring of endpoints.
    • Detect and prioritize information security incidents.
    • Record and store information on events occurring at endpoints.
    • Provide information for incident investigations.
    • Respond to incidents.
    • Interact with EPP solutions.

    Serious threats can go unnoticed if data for analysis is collected from each device separately. Next-generation solutions (XDR) aim to provide a more comprehensive view of an organization’s security posture by collecting and analyzing data from multiple devices and infrastructure elements. This allows them to detect and respond to threats more effectively, as they can automatically correlate events and actions across the entire organization. XDR systems are designed to cover all security levels of various devices simultaneously.

    XDR collects information from various sources and uses statistical models and machine learning to identify incidents that EDR or EPP solutions would not be able to detect on a single device or when the event is not deemed suspicious on a single device. The unified management console of an XDR system enables you to view, analyze, and respond to threats very quickly. This leads to an improvement in both the overall security of the organization’s infrastructure and the accuracy of alerts.

    EDR/XDR and fraud detection solutions

    The greater the number of sources of information for analysis, the more accurate systems based on machine learning techniques become. When mobile devices are used, it is possible to increase the amount of data gathered in order to identify anomalies and incidents.

    A method that utilizes a significant number of indicators has already proven effective in anti-fraud solutions for safeguarding bank clients from fraud. The banking system analyzes a user’s typical behavior, habits, transactions and alerts the bank about non-standard or risky actions. This is similar to how a comprehensive EDR/XDR security solution operates.

    The basic tech characteristics being analyzed are similar to those used for a laptop or workstation:

    • Versions of applications and operating systems.
    • Any hidden or malicious apps installed.
    • System and network settings.
    • Whether apps have access to important functions, such as the camera.

    This information is complemented by characteristics specific to mobile devices, such as phone calls and SMS history, location, etc. Some solutions already analyze activity from popular messaging apps like WhatsApp or Telegram, which are increasingly becoming the primary way people communicate.

    When analyzing the most advanced attacks, researchers have long noted that the weakest point is the user. Knowing user habits allows voice assistants to guess their preferences. At the same time, it enables security solutions to understand possible negative phenomena in advance. It is no longer enough to rely on antivirus alone. You need a lot of data and advanced analysis tools to deal with modern attacks comprehensively.

    Resource : https://www.securityinfowatch.com/cybersecurity/article/21292863/mobile-device-security-101

    7Feb, 2023
    Rise in cyber threats demand new strategies for data recovery

    We are more connected than ever in this digital era, and those connections are faster and increasingly more immediate. Advanced technologies are accelerating incredible achievements for businesses and consumers.

    While technology offers significant benefits, it has also made it easier for those who seek to gain an advantage by exploiting others. Hidden in the digital web of interconnections are people intent on stealing your content or holding it to a hefty ransom for its return, making the information age a double-edged sword.

    Today’s organizations need digital sentries and multiple lines of defense against cybercrime, which can devastate a business when it hits and impact it for years after the initial attack.

    Ransomware has been steadily growing in prominence and impact since the 2017 WannaCry ransomware outbreak that infiltrated systems around the world. While criminals develop more advanced techniques, the fundamentals of ransomware remain the same. Attackers penetrate a network, find and encrypt data, and demand payment for a decryption key.

    The threat of ransomware is increasing quickly. It’s not a question of “if” but of “when” you will face this challenge. Choosing between ransom payments or suffering data loss is costly and risky.

    The impact of an attack is enormous, and the costs associated with cyberattacks, including lost business, insurance rate hikes, lawsuits, criminal investigations, and bad press, can even put a company out of business – and fast. Here are just a few of the many data breaches that occurred during the past two years and their costly toll:

    • The New York Times reported that T-Mobile Reached a $500 Million Settlement in a Huge 2021 Data Breach: The company, which said the hacking had affected 76.6 million people, agreed to pay $350 million to settle claims and spend $150 million to bolster security.
    • Insiders reported that global insurance provider CNA Financial forked over a reported mind-blowing $40 million post-cyber-attack last year.
    • The Washington Post reported that a ransomware attack on U.S. software provider Kaseya in 2021 targeted the firm’s remote-computer-management tool and endangered up to 2,000 companies globally.

    While there are many strategies for mitigating the risks associated with cyber threats, such as ransomware, each comes with challenges. Backup is a critical means of recovery, yet decades-old legacy enterprise backup solutions were not designed to handle the scale and complexity of today’s data. And this problem continues to grow. Terabytes of data are rapidly becoming petabytes to exabytes of data and beyond. IDC predicts the world’s collective data will reach 175 zettabytes by 2025.

    Backup is Broken

    Traditional backup as we know it is broken, and here’s why:

    • Backups are periodically done in batches – when data recovery is needed, the last available copy could be more than 24 hours old, resulting in permanently lost data and/or recent changes.
    • Backup is outdated – snapshot-based legacy backup soft­ware, developed decades ago, still uses agents to protect and recover virtual machines, resulting in high maintenance costs, time wasted on administration, or even failed recoveries.
    • It’s expensive – aside from costs associated with impacts on production and resources, legacy backup requires multiple licenses, additional agent purchases, and increased IT infrastructure costs.
    • Legacy backup tools are complex – they use distributed systems for data transfer, requiring dedicated hardware, extensive configuration, and a lot of IT time and resources.
    • It’s disruptive – legacy backup jobs often don’t complete in time, disrupt production environments with unplanned downtime, and heavily burden already constrained IT resources.

    And it’s slow – legacy backup copying processes place an enormous load on your production environment, causing network lag and downtime.

    A New Backup Paradigm to Recover Data Instantaneously

    What’s needed is continuous data availability. This approach would provide a strong first line of defense against cyber threats, enabling organizations to recover compromised data easily and almost instantly. And yet, continuous data availability has been out of reach given the weaknesses of traditional backup. Business leaders have been forced to accept levels of data loss, measured by recovery point objectives (RPO), and downtime, measured by recovery time objectives (RTO).

    Traditionally, backup occurs outside the operating system data path. As data volumes increase exponentially – both in the number of files and the amount of data generated – backup systems that scan file systems are no longer feasible, particularly as we enter the realms of billions of files and petabytes or more data.

    A new approach would make the file system and backup one and the same. As a result, every change in the file system would be recorded as it happens, end users could recover lost data without the assistance of IT, and finding files would be easy, regardless of when they may have existed, and across the entire time continuum. Such an approach would redefine enterprise storage by converging storage and data resilience into one system. Every change that occurs in the data path would be captured. This approach would not require decryption keys, users could just unwind ransomware events with a single operation.

    Current backup and recovery solutions are not where the world needs them to be, but that doesn’t mean we should settle for less. In 2023, there will be an increased focus on the “first line of defense,” where cyberattacks are stopped altogether or can be swiftly unwound without recourse to backups. Instead of taking hours, days, and sometimes weeks or more, recovery would take place almost immediately.

    Backup that sits within the operating system data path could enable continuous data access. This method could provide unprecedented data protection, making it possible to approach the ideal of zero RTO, giving users control of searching and recovering data immediately without IT assistance, and an RPO of zero, eliminating the significant cost and impact of data loss and interrupted data access.

    Anything more is a compromise that exposes organizations to increased risk of data and financial loss. Companies should push vendors to achieve zero RPO and zero RTO and seek out solutions that achieve those objectives.

    Resource : https://www.securityinfowatch.com/cybersecurity/information-security/breach-detection/article/21294365/rise-in-cyber-threats-demand-new-strategies-for-data-recovery

    6Feb, 2023
    5 Remote Work Security Problems – And How to Solve Them

    The conversation around remote working, or working from home, often paints it as a phenomenon brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. But that’s not entirely true — many web entrepreneurs, freelancers and employees with work-from-home permits have been “working from anywhere with internet access” for years.

    That said, the pandemic certainly made working from home a new norm in the daily life of the global population: In 2020, a major portion of the traditional workforce shifted to working partially or entirely from home via remote access. And what’s more, this model is shaping up to become the standard — even as stay-at-home orders have eased. (Also read: Bye Bye Boss, Hello Office of the Future: 2022 Coronavirus Edition.)

    Unfortunately, this shift opened a gold mine to cybercriminals, who didn’t waste a minute before taking advantage of the swathes of less-than-cybersecurity-aware employees accessing confidential information from their home networks. In response, many companies are trying their best to enhance security features in their network to prevent hackers from stealing data. To do this, maintaining web browser security has become essential to ensuring the remote workforce runs safely and smoothly.

    Want to make sure your browser is safe for remote work? Here are five things that may be compromising your browser security, and how to fix them:

    1. Your Browser History

    Your browser history lists the websites you visit when surfing the internet. If malicious actors have access to this information, they can launch phishing attacks against you to get your credentials for those sites. Your credit card, debit cards, or bank details can be compromised to web criminals in this way. (Also read: 10 Biggest Data Breaches of All Time – And How to Prevent Them.)

    The Solution

    Clear your browser cache. This is a good way to remove sensitive information, especially after online banking. You can clear your cache manually or automate it to clear when you close your browser.

    2. Your User Login Credentials

    Saved log-in credentials associated with your email account are vulnerable. That’s because all attackers need to get into (and lock you out of) your accounts is access to your email: Once they have that, they can reset the password to any website you access using credentials associated with your email.

    What’s more, cybercriminals don’t need to be present in front of your computer to steal your data in this way. If they manage to get your email address and password, they can work from any remote location using the internet.

    The Solution

    Avoid saving login credentials in your web browser. Instead, use a password manager to store your credentials using a central master password.

    3. Autofill Information

    Autofill information can also be dangerous. When you log into a website, some browsers will prompt you to save your password for a quick one-click log-in. Some browsers can also autofill your home address while shopping online.

    While it seems convenient, this could be a threat to your browser security: If your device falls in the wrong hands, attackers may find out your home address.

    The Solution

    1. Remove any confidential information or personal details that may already be stored in your browser’s autofill feature.
    2. Turn off your browser’s autofill feature.

    4. Browser Extensions

    Browser extensions require access permissions into confidential areas like browsing history, website content, or perhaps login credentials. As extensions run internally within internet browsers, anti-virus software packages usually can’t observe malicious extensions. Thus, cybercriminals can take this as an opportunity to develop malware-infested extensions and hack users data. These malicious extensions sometimes redirect users to phishing sites or sites containing malicious downloads. (Also read: Social Engineering Attacks: 3 Strategies to Mitigate Risk.)

    The Solution

    Be cautious before choosing browser extensions. Use only genuine extensions; and only use extensions if you need them.

    5. Browser Cookies

    Websites put cookies in computers that help to identify users in the network and their internet surfing behaviors. Cookies are stored locally on your computer. Like browsing history, cookies can reveal any confidential information captured from your internet surfing and online work.

    The Solution

    Disabling cookies could be a solution, but it would affect website functionalities. Instead, Purging cookies periodically can help you stay safe online. Some other recommended precautionary measures include:

    • Locking your computer when you’re away from it.
    • Changing your browser settings for better privacy
    • Activating two-factor authentication for a website.

    Resource : https://www.techopedia.com/5-remote-work-security-problems-and-how-to-solve-them/2/34518

    6Feb, 2023
    AI in the Enterprise: 3 Key Application Areas

    Artificial intelligence (AI) is firmly in the enterprise mainstream these days, working mostly behind the scenes to streamline and automate business processes. In the coming year, however, we should start to see it take a more visible role as it learns to communicate directly with both the knowledge workforce and the public at large.

    AI is an extremely sophisticated technology that, so far, has remained confined to the world of data science and high-end analytics. This tends to inhibit its use in typical production environments, however, because of the highly specialized skillsets needed to exploit its full value. Even in high-tech fields like finance and health care, AI has shown it can augment key functions, but only at the hands of those who know how to use it — a class of professionals that is still in short supply. 

    In order to truly propel the digital transformation of the enterprise, AI will need to be democratized across the knowledge workforce so that even those with little to no training can use it to increase their productivity.

    This transition has only just begun, however, with Deloitte noting recently that only in the past year has the technology evolved from a “bothersome critic” in the workplace to a “copilot independently executing on insights and trends.” Based on extensive interviews with leading enterprise executives, the firm has concluded that AI is changing the way the enterprise functions on a number of key fronts, including strategy, operations, culture, change management and overall ecosystems.

    Here are three areas in which AI is being applied in the enterprise today:

    1. Application Development

    Perhaps one of the most significant changes AI is making in the enterprise right now is the quiet revolution taking place in application development. Forrester estimates that within the next year, 10% of all code and tests will be conducted by TuringBots — a desktop-level software that uses symbolic regression to find mathematical formulas from data values. In addition, reinforcement learning and large language models (LLMs) are accelerating the development, accuracy and deployment of new tools, providing for the automatic generation of cleaner, more effective code.

    Elsewhere, AI is quickly infiltrating key enterprise applications like analytics, augmented reality and condition-based maintenance of data and manufacturing infrastructure, according to database applications platform developer Teradata. This should revolutionize data-intensive industries like finance and health care, both of which are rapidly putting the technology into production environments. 

    2. Predictive Analytics

    Another key enterprise AI application is the mimicry of human reasoning through neural networking. Using multi-layered deep learning algorithms, advanced AI projects are able to employ various feedback loop architectures to make informed decisions on things like stock performance, sales projections and other vital functions. More than anything, this will propel AI’s role from a simple tool to an active participant in the business model.

    3. Customer Service

    Neural networks and generative AI will drive a wide range of business and customer-facing applications to improve both the experience and outcomes of AI’s interactions with people — something that is still seen as the greatest inhibitor to wide-scale deployment.

    At the moment, the top AI celebrity is ChatGPT, OpenAI’s newest chatbot trained under its large language model to interact in a natural, conversational manner. Rather than the stiff, rather limited performance of earlier chatbots, ChatGPT offers a more dialogue-driven approach that allows it to ask questions, challenge premises and even admit its own mistakes. This style of communication will likely accelerate the democratization of AI because it allows users to query databases and otherwise manage digital environments using everyday language rather than the complex jargon required of traditional interfaces.

    While this is impressive, it is important to distinguish between what ChatGPT, and other similar models, can and cannot do. Ram Menon, CEO of conversational AI platform Avaamo, notes that ChatGPT relies on the use of LLMs, which cull data primarily from the public internet. This may work for the consumer, or maybe prosumer, ideation and creative purposes but it can be problematic when it comes to analyzing internal content — particularly for industries that deal with high volumes of proprietary or private information.

    Menon also added that organizations should be wary of any form of AI that engages in what is known as “stochastic parroting,” the tendency to draw improper conclusions based on statistical analysis of text strings. This may prove effective for a large part of the problem-solving process, but the final 10% is often the most difficult to accomplish correctly — and the price of failure on the enterprise level is very high.

    AI in Cybersecurity

    Another key area in which AI is transforming the enterprise is cybersecurity. Because of its ability to sift through incomprehensibly large volumes of data, AI can detect patterns that could indicate a security breach — patterns humans would never be able to recognize.

    Moreover, AI is finding its way into areas like identity and access management. When AI-powered cybersecurity systems detect potentially malicious activity, they can automatically and instantly block the user from file access.

    Resource : https://www.techopedia.com/ai-today-who-is-using-it-right-now-and-how/2/33206

    2Feb, 2023
    Know All About Range in Python [Syntax, Parameters, Examples included]

    A built-in function in Python using which a sequence of numbers is generated within a given range is called range in Python. To implement range in Python, you need to make use of a function called range() function. 

    Necessity to Use Range() Function in Python:

    • Whenever an action needs to be performed a certain number of times, then you must make use of range in Python to generate a sequence of numbers within a given range.
    • The range() function is used in loops like for loop, while loop etc. to iterate through the sequences.

    Range() Function Is in Three Different Ways

    Range() Function Is in Three Different Ways Based on the Parameters You Are Passing to the Function. They Are:

    • range(stop)
    • range(start, stop)
    • range(start, stop, step)

    The syntax to define range() function in Python is as follows:

    range(stop)

    where,

    • Stop represents the integer till which the sequence of integers should be generated
    • The sequence of integers is generated using the range() function, by passing just one argument stop, begins from 0

    Example 1:

    Python program to show the range() function in Python by passing just one argument stop to the range() function, to generate a sequence of integers and display the output on the screen:

    #defining a for loop to iterate through the generated sequence of numbers starting from 0 to 4 using range() function

    for each_element in range(5):

    print("The first value is = ", each_element)

print()

    You can see the output of the above program in the snapshot below:

    RangeInPythonEx1

    range(start, stop)

    where,

    • Start represents the integer from which the sequence of integers must begin
    • Stop represents the integer till which the sequence of integers that must be generated
    • The sequence of integers generated using range() function by passing two arguments start and stop, begins from the integer specified as start till the integer specified as stop, but not including the integer stop

    Example 2:

    Python program to demonstrate the range() function in Python by passing two arguments start and stop to the range() function, to generate a sequence of integers and display the output on the screen: 

    #defining a for loop to iterate through the generated sequence of numbers starting from 1 to 5 using range() function

    for each_element in range(1,6):

    print(“The first value is = “, each_element)

    print()

    You can see the output of the above program in the snapshot below:

    RangeInPythonEx2png

    range(start, stop, step) 

    where,

    • Start represents the integer from which the sequence of integers must begin
    • Stop represents the integer till which the sequence of integers that must be generated
    • Step represents the difference between consecutive integers in the generated sequence
    •  If the argument step is not specified in the range() function, then the value of the step is 1 by default for the sequence of integers generated
    • The sequence of integers generated using range() function by passing three arguments- start, stop and step begins from the integer specified as start till the integer specified as stop, but not including the integer stop

    Example 3:

    Python program to demonstrate the range() function in Python by passing three arguments start, stop and step, to the range() function to generate a sequence of integers and display the output on the screen:

    #defining a for loop to iterate through the generated sequence of numbers starting from 1 till 6 with a difference of 2 between consecutive integers in the generated sequence using range() function

    for each_element in range(1,6, 2):

    print("The first value is = ", each_element)

print()

    The output of the above program is shown in the snapshot below:

    RangeInPythonEx3

    Incrementing With Range and Decrementing With Range

    • The step value passed as an argument to the range() function can be a positive value or negative value
    • If the step value passed as an argument to the range() function is positive, then the generated sequence using the range() function is an incrementing range with the step, as the difference between consecutive integers in the generated sequence
    • If the step value passed as an argument to the range() function is negative, then the generated sequence using the range() function is a decrementing range, with the step as the difference between consecutive integers in the generated sequence

    Example 4:

    Python program to demonstrate incrementing with range and decrementing with the range using range() function in Python to generate a sequence of integers and display the output on the screen: 

    #defining a for loop to iterate through the generated sequence of numbers starting from 1 to 10 with a difference of 3 between consecutive integers in the generated sequence using range() function

    for each_element in range(1,10, 3):

    print("The first value is = ", each_element)

print()

    #defining a for loop to iterate through the generated sequence of numbers starting from 10 till 1 with a difference of -3 between consecutive integers in the generated sequence using range() function

    for each_element in range(10,1, -3):

    print("The first value is = ", each_element)

print()

    The output of the above program is shown in the snapshot below:

    RangeInPythonEx4

    Concatenation of the Result of Two Range() Functions:

    • The sequence of integers generated using two different range() functions can be concatenated using the chain() function
    • The chain() function iterates through the generated sequence of integers from each range() function passed as arguments to the chain() function one after the other

    The syntax to define chain() function is as follows:

    chain(range, range1)

    where range represents the first range() function to generate a sequence of integers to be concatenated with the sequence of integers generated from the second range() function specified as range 1.

    Example 5:

    Python program to demonstrate chain() function in Python to concatenate two sequences of integers generated from two range() functions and display the output on the screen:

    #importing the module chain
from itertools import chain
#using chain() function to concatenate the sequence of integers generated from two range() functions
con_seq = chain(range(3), range(5,3,-1))
#defining a for loop to iterate through the sequence of numbers generated using chain() function
for each_element in con_seq:
print("The first value is = ", each_element)
print()

    The output of the above program is shown in the snapshot below:

    RangeEx5

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    Resource : https://www.simplilearn.com/tutorials/python-tutorial/range-in-python